2011
Orthopaedic medicine - Basic background
The first physician to codify and extensively write about modern Orthopedic Medicine was James Cyriax, MD (1904-1985), a British orthopedist, who starting in the late 1930's, developed a method of diagnosis and treatment that was based on logical, reproducible elements. He devoted most of his life to research, educating others. He wrote several textbooks that were, and for many, still are the - Bible - of orthopedic medicine. He recognized, described, and codified the concepts of selective tension and referred pain. He was one of the first to recognize the intervertebral disc as an important cause of spinal and limb pain. Others have written updated texts on his work. Cyriax believed that the disc was the cause of almost all cervical, thoracic, and lumbar pain and that the spinal ligaments and muscles, including the facets and sacroiliac joints, were uncommon pain generators. He did not recognize the importance of spinal facet and sacroiliac subluxations and actually developed a rationale for disproving their importance. He perfected many specific manipulation techniques with specific indications and contraindications for conditions that he considered caused by disc lesions, which caused impingements of the dura, nerve root sleeves, or the roots themselves. They are efficacious and safe.
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